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Fast approximate solutions for solar cell I–V characteristics using resistance–diode circuits: bridging circuit theory and photovoltaics

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Abstract

This letter presents novel approximate analytical solutions for modeling solar cells’ current–voltage (I–V) characteristics by applying resistance–diode (RD) circuit approaches. Three different approximation methods are developed and used to modified solar cell equivalent circuits, including single, double, and triple-diode configurations. The proposed solutions demonstrate excellent agreement with numerical simulations and experimental measurements, while achieving significant reductions in computational time. These features make the methods suitable for real-time applications in power electronics and smart grid environments. The approach provides a valuable analytical tool for enhancing photovoltaic modeling and strengthens the connection between circuit theory and solar energy systems.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro

    Martin Ćalasan

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MC wrote the main manuscript text and prepared figures.

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Correspondence to Martin Ćalasan.

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Ćalasan, M. Fast approximate solutions for solar cell I–V characteristics using resistance–diode circuits: bridging circuit theory and photovoltaics. J Comput Electron 24, 138 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-025-02380-9

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  • DOI  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-025-02380-9

Keywords

  • Approximate solution
  • g-function
  • Lambert W function
  • Modeling
  • Solar cells
  • Multi-diode models

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