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Article Content
Abstract
In 2007 several events were organized to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the International Geophysical Year
(IGY, 1957-1958). The celebrations will last until 2009 and are taking place within different contexts: the International
Polar Year (IPY), the International Heliophysical Year (IHY), the electronic Geophysical Year (eGY) and the International Year of Planet Earth (IYPE).
IGY offered a very appropriate and timely occasion to undertake a series of coordinated observations of various
geophysical phenomena all over the globe. Italy took part in the broad international effort stimulated by IGY. In fact, Italy participated in observations and studies in many of the proposed scientific areas, in particular Geomagnetism and Aeronomy. The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica (ING) started the installation of observatories,
and updated and ensured continuous recording of geophysical observations. Geomagnetism, ionospheric physics, seismology, and other geophysical disciplines, were advanced. Although much of the work was undertaken
in Italy, some attention was also devoted to other areas of the world, in particular Antarctica, where Italy participated in seismological observations. This paper gives a summary of the Geomagnetism and Ionospheric
Physics activities within IGY. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of this historical event and its outcomes
for the improvement of geophysical observations and the post-IGY growth of scientific investigations in Italy.References
(IGY, 1957-1958). The celebrations will last until 2009 and are taking place within different contexts: the International
Polar Year (IPY), the International Heliophysical Year (IHY), the electronic Geophysical Year (eGY) and the International Year of Planet Earth (IYPE).
IGY offered a very appropriate and timely occasion to undertake a series of coordinated observations of various
geophysical phenomena all over the globe. Italy took part in the broad international effort stimulated by IGY. In fact, Italy participated in observations and studies in many of the proposed scientific areas, in particular Geomagnetism and Aeronomy. The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica (ING) started the installation of observatories,
and updated and ensured continuous recording of geophysical observations. Geomagnetism, ionospheric physics, seismology, and other geophysical disciplines, were advanced. Although much of the work was undertaken
in Italy, some attention was also devoted to other areas of the world, in particular Antarctica, where Italy participated in seismological observations. This paper gives a summary of the Geomagnetism and Ionospheric
Physics activities within IGY. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of this historical event and its outcomes
for the improvement of geophysical observations and the post-IGY growth of scientific investigations in Italy.References
BUEDELER, W. (1957): The International Geophysical Year,
Unesco and its Programme XV, Unesco, pp. 72.
CALCARA, G. (2004): Breve profilo dell’Istituto Nazionale
di Geofisica (1936-1963), Quaderni di Geofisica, 36,
21.
DOMINICI, P. (1998): My first fifty years in ionospheric research,
Annali di Geofisica, 41 (5/6), 857-883.
FIORETTI, A., G. SALVI and E. MAZZOLI (2008): Gli anni polari
pnternazionali: esplorazione e ricerca scientifica
ai poli, (available on line http://www.annopolare.it/esplorazione/
StoriaAnniPolari.pdf).
GERSON, N.C. (1958): From Polar Years to IGY, in Advances
in Geophysics, edited by H.E. LANDSBERG and
J. VAN MIEGHEM, vol. 5, (Academic Press Inc. Publisher,
New York), pp. 52.
GIORGI, M. (1958): Geomagnetismo ed aurore polari, (Roma,
CNR, Anno geofisico internazionale 1957-58), pp.
18.
GIORGI, M., (1960a): Sull’Osservatorio Magnetico Sperimentale
dell’isola di La Maddalena, (Istituto Idrografico
della Marina), pp. 7.
GIORGI, M. (1960b): La cooperazione geofisica internazionale
dopo l’AGI, (CNR, Commissione Italiana
per l’AGI), pp. 60.
GIORGI, M. (1961): L’anno geofisico internazionale e la
partecipazione dell’Italia alla cooperazione geofisica
mondiale, (CNR, Commissione Nazionale Italiana per
la Cooperazione Geofisica Internazionale, Roma), pp.
67-80.
GIORGI M. (1965): CICIG, Catalogo dei dati geofisici raccolti
durante l’AGI e la CGI, (CNR, Roma), pp. 70.
ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI GEOFISICA (ING) (1963): supplement
of Annali di Geofisica, (Istituto Grafico Tiberino,
Roma), pp. 114.
MARIANI, F. (1959): La ionosfera: radioconversazione tenuta
alla RAI il 25 settembre 1957, (CNR, Anno geofisico
internazionale 1957-58, ed. italiana), pp. 8.
Raccolta Bollettini geomagnetici (luglio 1958-dicembre
1960) (Istituto Idrografico della Marina Genova Marzo,
18 bullettins).
Report on the Italian Programme for the International Geophysical
Cooperation 1959, (CNR, Commissione Italiana
per l’anno geofisico internazionale, Roma, Italy),
pp. 50.
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION (WMO) (2007):
The scope of science for the International Polar Year,
2007-2008, WMO/TD-No. 1364, pp. 79.
Unesco and its Programme XV, Unesco, pp. 72.
CALCARA, G. (2004): Breve profilo dell’Istituto Nazionale
di Geofisica (1936-1963), Quaderni di Geofisica, 36,
21.
DOMINICI, P. (1998): My first fifty years in ionospheric research,
Annali di Geofisica, 41 (5/6), 857-883.
FIORETTI, A., G. SALVI and E. MAZZOLI (2008): Gli anni polari
pnternazionali: esplorazione e ricerca scientifica
ai poli, (available on line http://www.annopolare.it/esplorazione/
StoriaAnniPolari.pdf).
GERSON, N.C. (1958): From Polar Years to IGY, in Advances
in Geophysics, edited by H.E. LANDSBERG and
J. VAN MIEGHEM, vol. 5, (Academic Press Inc. Publisher,
New York), pp. 52.
GIORGI, M. (1958): Geomagnetismo ed aurore polari, (Roma,
CNR, Anno geofisico internazionale 1957-58), pp.
18.
GIORGI, M., (1960a): Sull’Osservatorio Magnetico Sperimentale
dell’isola di La Maddalena, (Istituto Idrografico
della Marina), pp. 7.
GIORGI, M. (1960b): La cooperazione geofisica internazionale
dopo l’AGI, (CNR, Commissione Italiana
per l’AGI), pp. 60.
GIORGI, M. (1961): L’anno geofisico internazionale e la
partecipazione dell’Italia alla cooperazione geofisica
mondiale, (CNR, Commissione Nazionale Italiana per
la Cooperazione Geofisica Internazionale, Roma), pp.
67-80.
GIORGI M. (1965): CICIG, Catalogo dei dati geofisici raccolti
durante l’AGI e la CGI, (CNR, Roma), pp. 70.
ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI GEOFISICA (ING) (1963): supplement
of Annali di Geofisica, (Istituto Grafico Tiberino,
Roma), pp. 114.
MARIANI, F. (1959): La ionosfera: radioconversazione tenuta
alla RAI il 25 settembre 1957, (CNR, Anno geofisico
internazionale 1957-58, ed. italiana), pp. 8.
Raccolta Bollettini geomagnetici (luglio 1958-dicembre
1960) (Istituto Idrografico della Marina Genova Marzo,
18 bullettins).
Report on the Italian Programme for the International Geophysical
Cooperation 1959, (CNR, Commissione Italiana
per l’anno geofisico internazionale, Roma, Italy),
pp. 50.
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION (WMO) (2007):
The scope of science for the International Polar Year,
2007-2008, WMO/TD-No. 1364, pp. 79.
