This project is supported by the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province (ZR202211070163, 2023LZGC022), the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Shandong (ZR2021MC056, ZR2021ZD30), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD1201300), and the Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province. The authors thank Dr. Hongwei Wang and Dr. Lingrang Kong (Shandong Agricultural University, China) for the Aegilops tauschii accessions, Dr. Jorge Dubcovsky (University of California, Davis, USA) for the Cadenza mutant line, Dr. Yuling Jiao (Peking University, China) for the Zhoumai36 mutant line, and Dr. Xing Wang Deng (Peking University, China) for the Ningchun4 mutant lines.

Author notes

1. Contributed equally to this work

Authors and Affiliations

1. National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang, 261325, China

   Shengsheng Bai, Guiping Wang, Rui Song, Yanna Liu, Lei Hua, Jinwei Yang, Lijun Zhang, Shams ur Rehman, Xiaohua Hao, Lifeng Hou, Hongna Li, Yanyan Liang, Lihua Zhao, Yan Xue, Zheng Wang & Shisheng Chen

2. Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

   Chaozhong Zhang

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zheng Wang or Shisheng Chen.

The author(s) declare that they have no conflict of interest.